Lipid content of Calanus finmarchicus during overwintering in the Faroe–Shetland Channel

Lipid class contents and composition of the copepodite stage CV and adult female Calanus finmarchicus were measured from the autumn to the spring along a transect crossing the Faroe–Shetland Channel. The data give a detailed vertical resolution of lipid content of C. fin-marchicus before, during and after the time of diapause. In the deep water, where C. finmarchicus was in diapause, the wax ester (WE) content did not change between the autumn and spring with the exception of that of females, which showed a significant decrease in lipid content by March. The concentrations of lipids were lower and more variable in both CV and females in surface waters over the sampling period. In March, the lipid concentration of both CV and females decreased significantly with decreasing depth. The triacylglycerol (TAG) content of both CV and females was high in October at all depths but had almost disappeared by December. The TAG was either utilized during this time period or converted to WE. TAG was most prominent in October and again in February in copepods in the upper water column. A simple diagnostic model is presented that estimates how C. finmarchicus allocates energy reserves from lipids into various metabolic functions. The cost of diapause, molting, gonad formation and ascending from depth is estimated based on the time series data. The model indicates that the major portion of the stored lipid goes into gonad formation, in physical ascent and in basic metabolism during ascent, whereas maintenance of diapause and molting is not expensive in terms of lipid utilization.     

肉用种鸡强制换羽期的内分泌学变化

应用放射免疫分析法，测定７３－７６周龄红宝肉用种鸡断换羽期外周血清中甲状腺素，同醇，雌二醇和促黄体素的分泌水平。结果；Ｅ２和ＬＨ分泌水平在断料的第７，１３，２１，２５ｄ分别降低８．５％，２４．１％，２５．８％，２２．４％和５．７，１０．６％，９．９％，１８．４％，证实Ｅ２和ＬＨ分泌水平的降低与卵巢中卵泡的退化相。     

西农萨能奶山羊公羔初情期的研究

对28只西农萨能奶山羊公羔初情期的体重、日龄、精液、阴囊固(SC)及血浆性腺激素进行了研究,结果是:(1)公羔性行为由不完整过渡到完整,精子发育从无(95.5±10.9日龄)到有(111.3±4.5日龄);(2)初情期体重及日龄分别为10.9±1.4kg和52.0±7.8天;(3)初情期体重与日龄之间呈显著正直线相关(r=0.8340),初情期日龄与出生日期之间呈显著负直线相关(r=-0.9431);(4)羔羊发育早期体重增长较快,SC则在45—150日龄时增长较快;(5)初情期血浆睾酮(T)浓度为1.3±1.1ng/ml,随日龄增加,T呈波动性上升;(6)T和17β-雌二醇(17β-E_2)的分泌呈同步和异步升降。     

高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖对雌性大鼠生殖机能的影响

选用22d断奶SD大鼠高频饮用牛奶或葡萄糖40d,分别记录各组动物的阴道开张时间和阴道黏液、每周日增重、卵巢及子宫所占体重百分比、血糖水平,收集卵巢进行组织学处理以观察卵泡发育情况,探讨高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖对雌性大鼠初情期的影响。结果显示,奶组和糖组大鼠较对照组阴道开张时间来得早,预示初情期可能提前,而且,奶组和糖组大鼠的卵巢占体重百分比较对照组高(P<0.05)。牛奶组血糖水平比对照组高,但糖组与对照组血糖水平差异不显著。通过对卵巢进行石蜡切片、HE染色及卵泡计数,结果显示:奶组的闭锁卵泡、每张切片卵泡总平均数都比对照组多(P<0.05),而葡萄糖组的黄体数比对照组少(P<0.05)。试验表明高频饮用牛奶和葡萄糖可对性成熟前雌性大鼠的生殖机能产生一定影响。     

瘦素对动物初情期启动的调控

瘦素是一种主要由脂肪组织分泌的蛋白质激素，瘦素不仅调节体内的能量平衡，而且影响动物的生殖。它传递体内的营养状态和能量储存信号对中枢神经系统，在调控动物初情期启动的时间上占据一定的地位，但瘦素的作用机理目前还不清楚。     

鸡粪发酵饲料对蛋鸡生产效益的影响

本文研究了用发酵鸡粪和胡麻饼替代小麦和豆饼的饲粮饲喂强制换羽后产蛋母鸡，对其生产效益的影响。研究结果表明；试验组经济效益显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），因而，对发酵鸡粪替代饲粮成份的适宜办法，需进一步探讨。     

蜂王浆对初情期前雌性日本大耳兔生长发育的影响

本研究旨在探讨蜂王浆对雌性日本大耳兔初情期前的生长发育影响。将36只50日龄雌性日本大耳兔随机分为高剂量蜂王浆组(H-RJ)、低剂量蜂王浆组(L-RJ)以及对照组(C),每组12只。高、低剂量组分别按体质量0.2%和0.1%的量每天进行空腹灌胃蜂王浆,对照组灌胃体质量0.1%的生理盐水。每周同一时间空腹称重。40d后,所有兔子耳静脉取血后各组处死6只,摘取心脏、左侧卵巢和左侧子宫称重,并冷冻保存右侧卵巢和右侧子宫。采用放免法测定血清中雌二醇(E2)、促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、孕激素(P4)、催乳素(PRL)和睾酮(T)的含量;用实时荧光定量PCR检测右侧卵巢中雌激素β受体(ERβ)mRNA和右侧子宫中雌激素α受体(ERα)mR-NA的表达。结果表明:灌胃蜂王浆12d后,对照组兔子没有换毛现象,低剂量和高剂量组分别有75%和67%的兔子换毛;蜂王浆对体质量和心脏、左侧子宫、左侧卵巢的脏器系数无显著影响(P>0.05)。试验组血液中E2浓度极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而其它性激素无明显差异(P>0.05)。试验组ERα在子宫和ERβ在卵巢的表达量均低于对照组,对照组与高剂量组的差异极显著(P<0...     

麻醉剂丁香酚对日本沼虾脱壳、繁殖和运输的影响

通过丁香酚对日本沼虾脱壳影响的观察、对日本沼虾交配行为影响的观察、对胚胎发育的观察以及低浓度的丁香酚对运输的影响的研究,取得了以下结果：低浓度的丁香酚可明显促进脱壳;日本沼虾进入镇静状态时缩短了交配活动时间,观察到最短交配时间为25min,提高了交配成功率;丁香酚对早期胚胎发育（多细胞期、囊胚期、原肠期等）无影响,但能显著降低后期胚胎如潘状幼体心率,由240次／min减少到80次／min左右,但心率恢复后胚胎发育无异常;而麻醉剂浓度为20mg／L时,能显著提高运输后期的成活率,特别是促进了日本沼虾机体的恢复。     

二花脸猪初情期前后血浆性激素浓度的变化

本试验采用放射免疫分析法测定了45头二花脸猪(22♂,23♀)45、60、75和90日龄血浆17β-雌二醇、睾酮和孕酮的浓度,並对其性腺进行了组织学观察。结果表明,初情期前后二花脸猪血浆中的性激素水平均较高。